Chelsea Wickstrom – Global Investment Law Watch

Europe: Research Cost Re-Bundling – Is the UK Going Back to the Future?

Apr 23 2024

By: Andrew Massey, Philip Morgan, and Omega Modi

The UK’s FCA has published consultation paper 24/7: Payment optionality for investment research. It proposes a new, more flexible, way to charge third-party investment research to clients.

The new payment option would sit alongside the two existing options under which research costs are either paid by firms from their own resources or charged to clients through a research payment account. The latter approach has not been popular because of its operational complexities, so research has been an out-of-pocket expense for many UK asset managers.

The FCA proposes to allow firms to pay jointly for research and trade execution – so-called ‘bundled’ payments – and for bundled payments to be charged to clients. This would be subject to significant ‘guardrails’ to mitigate against potential negative impacts, including research overconsumption and price increases.

The proposed ‘guardrails’ include (i) compliance with best execution, (ii) separate identification of payments for research, (iii) a mandatory formal policy covering matters such as decision making on third-party research procurement, (iv) a structure for allocating payments between different research providers, (v) a firm budget for research spend, (vi) fair allocation of that spend between clients, (vii) regular monitoring of research spend and usage, and (iv) detailed disclosure to clients. Arguably, these conditions make the new option more of a hybrid approach – not full re-bundling – and it remains to be seen whether it will, as intended, be operationally more straightforward than research payment accounts.

The consultation takes forward a key recommendation of the Investment Research Review (IRR), which observed that unbundling had adversely impacted the provision of investment research. The IRR was commissioned as part of the UK Government’s current initiative to drive growth and international competitiveness in UK financial services, known as the “Edinburgh Reforms”. The consultation closes on 5 June 2024 with final rules due before 30 June 2024.

NAPFM, AIMA, and MFA File Complaint Against SEC’s New Dealer Rule

Mar 20 2024

By: Richard F. Kerr, Eden L. Rohrer, Jessica D. Cohn, and Raymond F. Jensen

On 18 March 2024, the National Association of Private Fund Managers, Alternative Investment Management Association, Limited and Managed Funds Association (together, Plaintiffs) jointly filed a complaint (Complaint) against the US Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) alleging that the SEC’s newly adopted final rule (Dealer Rule) vastly overstepped and expanded the SEC’s authority. The Complaint, which was filed in federal court in Texas, details how the Dealer Rule, expanding those industry participants who would be “dealers” under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, is overbroad and was adopted in violation of the Administrative Procedures Act.

Europe: Why Are Firms Currently Focusing on Derivatives Post Trade Reporting?

Mar 13 2024

By: Ron Feldman and Philipp Riedl

Deficiencies in compliance with derivatives post trade reporting rules have recently triggered regulator fines. Fin-FSA in Finland fined a pension fund €90K and the Central Bank of Ireland imposed the first fine on an investment fund, €192K. Although the fines are reasonably modest, they have sharpened industry focus on this issue.

Europe: Agreement on EU ESG Ratings Regulation

Feb 08 2024

By: Hilger von Livonius and Philipp Riedl

On 5 February 2024, the EU Council and the EU Parliament agreed on a provisional text for the ESG Ratings Regulation (the Regulation).

Under the Regulation, in-scope EU providers of ESG ratings will require a licence from, and be supervised by, European Securities and Markets Authority (ESMA).

In-scope ESG ratings will provide an opinion on a company’s or a financial instrument’s sustainability profile, by assessing its exposure to sustainability risk and its impact on society and the environment.

EUROPE: UK’s Overseas Funds Regime Moves a Step Closer with Confirmation that Most EEA UCITS Will Be Deemed Equivalent

Feb 02 2024

By: Shane Geraghty, Aoife Maguire, Andrew Massey, Philip Morgan, and Courtney Hunter

The UK’s overseas funds regime has been in development for several years and is finally close to becoming a reality. It will create a more streamlined method by which non-UK funds given “equivalence” status may be marketed to UK retail investors.

2024: The Year of the Spot Bitcoin ETP

Jan 11 2024

By: Peter J. Shea, Richard F. Kerr, Keri E. Riemer, and Aiden D. O’Leary

The US Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) is making 2024 a significant year for exchange-traded products (ETPs) by declaring effective the registration statements of ten Bitcoin ETPs, and approving their listing on one of the major stock exchanges. This is a monumental step to bringing access to Bitcoin to a broader retail market in the US For over a decade, the staff of the SEC (Staff) had denied or otherwise blocked applications to list spot Bitcoin ETPs, claiming, in part, that there were insufficient protections against market manipulation in the underlying Bitcoin market. The approvals issued this week unlock – although do not widely open – a previously dead bolted door to registered products offering direct exposure to Bitcoin, providing an opportunity for retail investors to have easier access to exposure to Bitcoin in a regulated product.

New Year, New CPO/CTA Exemption Affirmations and CPO FinCEN Requirements

Jan 03 2024

By: Clifford C. Histed, Kenneth Holston, Cheryl L. Isaac, and Matthew J. Rogers

Happy New Year! As we kick off 2024, we note that the National Futures Association (NFA) published its annual Notice to Members with guidance on the annual affirmation requirement for certain exempt commodity pool operators (CPOs) and commodity trading advisors (CTAs). If you rely on an exemption or exclusion from CPO registration under CFTC Regulation 4.13(a)(1), 4.13(a)(2), 4.13(a)(3), 4.13(a)(5) or 4.5, or an exemption from CTA registration under 4.14(a)(8), you must file an annual affirmation in the NFA’s Exemptions System by 29 February 2024, and a multi-factor authentication is now required for access. Failure to make this affirmation will result in your registration exemption being withdrawn on 1 March 2024.

In addition, the NFA also issued a Notice to Members regarding the Financial Crimes Enforcement Network (FinCEN) final rule implementing the Corporate Transparency Act beneficial ownership information (BOI) reporting requirements. Although CFTC-registered entities (including CPOs and CTAs) are exempt from these requirements (see 31 U.S.C. §5336(a)(11)(B)(xiv)), certain pooled investment vehicles will be required to comply. Commodity pools that are operated or advised by an SEC-registered broker-dealer or investment adviser are generally exempt, but a limited number of other commodity pools will be subject to the new rule.

Accordingly, CPOs with non-exempt commodity pools will need to file BOI reports with FinCEN, including identifying information about individuals who directly or indirectly own or control the commodity pool. FinCEN recently extended the BOI reporting deadline for certain reporting companies, with the relevant compliance dates as follows:

Commodity pools created or registered before 1 January 2024: file BOI reports by 1 January 2025.
Commodity pools created or registered in 2024: file BOI reports within 90 calendar days after registration is effective.
Commodity pools created or registered on or after 1 January 2025: file BOI reports within 30 calendar days after registration is effective.

For commodity pools created or registered after 1 January 2024, a CPO will also need to report information about the “company applicants,” meaning the individual or individuals who directly file the document that creates or registers the commodity pool.

Please feel free to contact the authors of this blog post with any questions.

Europe: UK’s FCA Challenges Firms to Improve Sanction Screening Processes

Sep 25 2023

By: Joseph Skilton, Michael Ruck, Rosie Naylor

The FCA has assessed and reported on the sanctions controls of over 90 financial service firms from a range of sectors including wealth management.

EU Regulators launch review of SFDR compliance in the investment fund sector

Aug 04 2023

By: Shane Geraghty and Áine Ní Riain

On 6 July, the European Securities and Markets Authority (ESMA) announced it had launched a Common Supervisory Action (CSA) with National Competent Authorities (NCAs) on the integration of sustainability risks and on sustainability-related disclosures in the investment fund sector.

EU Commission announces much anticipated political agreement on AIFMD 2

Aug 03 2023

By: Shane Geraghty and Áine Ní Riain

On 20 July, the European Commission announced political agreement between the European Parliament and the European Council on proposed amendments to the EU’s Alternative Investment Fund Managers Directive (AIFMD). This follows the Commission’s proposal in the form of a draft directive amending AIFMD (AIFMD 2) issued in November 2021, protracted negotiations between the Commission, the Council and the European Parliament since 8 March of this year, and the issuance in June of a compromise text by the Council.

Author:Chelsea Wickstrom