United States – Page 2 – Global Investment Law Watch

Fifth Circuit Court of Appeals Hears Oral Arguments in Industry Groups’ Ongoing Petition to Vacate Private Fund Adviser Rules

Feb 12 2024

By: TJ Bright, Annabelle H. North, and Bradley D. Bostwick

On 5 February 2024, the US Fifth Circuit Court of Appeals heard oral arguments from the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) and industry groups representing private investment fund sponsors, in the industry groups’ ongoing petition to vacate the new private fund adviser rules (PFAR) adopted by the SEC on 23 August 2023.

SEC Expands Definition of Dealers and Government Securities Dealers

Feb 07 2024

By: Richard F. Kerr, Eden L. Rohrer, Jessica D. Cohn, and Raymond F. Jensen

On 6 February 2024, the US Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) adopted two new rules – Rules 3a5-4 and 3a44-2 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (the Act) – that significantly expand the definitions of a “dealer” and “government securities dealer.” The new rules define the phrase “as a part of a regular business” in Sections 3(a)(5) and 3(a)(44) of the Act to determine if a person is engaged in a “regular pattern of buying and selling securities that has the effect of providing liquidity to other market participants.” Such persons would be required to register as “dealers” or “government securities dealers” under Sections 15 and 15C of the Act, respectively.

CFTC Requests Comment on the Use of Artificial Intelligence in CFTC-Regulated Markets

Jan 30 2024

By: Cheryl L. Isaac, Matthew J. Rogers, and Benjamin C. Skillin

On 25 January, 2024, multiple Divisions of the Commodity Futures Trading Commission (CFTC) issued a Request for Comment (RFC) on the use of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in CFTC-regulated derivatives markets. The RFC seeks information on the current and potential uses of AI as well as the risks associated with using it. The RFC is intended to complement the Biden Administration’s Executive Order urging federal agencies to promote the safe, secure, and trustworthy development of AI. The CFTC staff views the RFC as an opportunity to “identify the highest priorities and return-on-investment projects with AI use cases” and enhance the CFTC’s data-driven approach to policy, surveillance, and enforcement.

Industry Groups File First Reply to SEC in Ongoing Petition Against New Private Fund Adviser Rules

Jan 29 2024

BY: TJ Bright and Annabelle North

On 22 January 2024, industry groups representing private investment fund sponsors, including the Alternative Investment Management Association (AIMA), National Association of Private Fund Managers, and Managed Funds Association, filed their first reply to the Securities and Exchange Commission’s (SEC) response in the groups’ ongoing petition against the new private fund adviser rules (PFAR) adopted by the SEC on 23 August 2023.

FINRA’s Findings: Member Firms Get Failing Grade in Crypto Communications

Jan 25 2024

By: Richard Kerr, Eden Rohrer, and Aiden O’Leary

On 23 January 2024, the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority (FINRA) published its findings from a 2022 targeted exam sweep, which may serve as a warning to broker-dealers offering crypto asset products. FINRA conducted a sweep reviewing communications made between 1 July 2022 and 30 September 2022 by member firms in connection with crypto assets and crypto-related products and services, focusing on compliance with FINRA Rule 2210 (Communications with the Public). The exam focused not only on written material, but also on communications made via websites, podcasts, advertisements, social media, and other public channels.

SEC Staff Publishes FAQs on Tailored Shareholder Reports

Jan 23 2024

By: Cal Gilmartin, Abigail Hemnes, Michael Davalla and Benjamin Skillin

This past Friday, the SEC staff issued a set of responses to FAQs on the Tailored Shareholder Reports (TSRs) Rule. While these responses only represent the views of the staff of the Division of Investment Management and have no legal force or effect, they provide welcome clarity and guidance on certain elements of the Rule that had been the subject of discussion across the industry.

2024: The Year of the Spot Bitcoin ETP

Jan 11 2024

By: Peter J. Shea, Richard F. Kerr, Keri E. Riemer, and Aiden D. O’Leary

The US Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) is making 2024 a significant year for exchange-traded products (ETPs) by declaring effective the registration statements of ten Bitcoin ETPs, and approving their listing on one of the major stock exchanges. This is a monumental step to bringing access to Bitcoin to a broader retail market in the US For over a decade, the staff of the SEC (Staff) had denied or otherwise blocked applications to list spot Bitcoin ETPs, claiming, in part, that there were insufficient protections against market manipulation in the underlying Bitcoin market. The approvals issued this week unlock – although do not widely open – a previously dead bolted door to registered products offering direct exposure to Bitcoin, providing an opportunity for retail investors to have easier access to exposure to Bitcoin in a regulated product.

New Year, New CPO/CTA Exemption Affirmations and CPO FinCEN Requirements

Jan 03 2024

By: Clifford C. Histed, Kenneth Holston, Cheryl L. Isaac, and Matthew J. Rogers

Happy New Year! As we kick off 2024, we note that the National Futures Association (NFA) published its annual Notice to Members with guidance on the annual affirmation requirement for certain exempt commodity pool operators (CPOs) and commodity trading advisors (CTAs). If you rely on an exemption or exclusion from CPO registration under CFTC Regulation 4.13(a)(1), 4.13(a)(2), 4.13(a)(3), 4.13(a)(5) or 4.5, or an exemption from CTA registration under 4.14(a)(8), you must file an annual affirmation in the NFA’s Exemptions System by 29 February 2024, and a multi-factor authentication is now required for access. Failure to make this affirmation will result in your registration exemption being withdrawn on 1 March 2024.

In addition, the NFA also issued a Notice to Members regarding the Financial Crimes Enforcement Network (FinCEN) final rule implementing the Corporate Transparency Act beneficial ownership information (BOI) reporting requirements. Although CFTC-registered entities (including CPOs and CTAs) are exempt from these requirements (see 31 U.S.C. §5336(a)(11)(B)(xiv)), certain pooled investment vehicles will be required to comply. Commodity pools that are operated or advised by an SEC-registered broker-dealer or investment adviser are generally exempt, but a limited number of other commodity pools will be subject to the new rule.

Accordingly, CPOs with non-exempt commodity pools will need to file BOI reports with FinCEN, including identifying information about individuals who directly or indirectly own or control the commodity pool. FinCEN recently extended the BOI reporting deadline for certain reporting companies, with the relevant compliance dates as follows:

Commodity pools created or registered before 1 January 2024: file BOI reports by 1 January 2025.
Commodity pools created or registered in 2024: file BOI reports within 90 calendar days after registration is effective.
Commodity pools created or registered on or after 1 January 2025: file BOI reports within 30 calendar days after registration is effective.

For commodity pools created or registered after 1 January 2024, a CPO will also need to report information about the “company applicants,” meaning the individual or individuals who directly file the document that creates or registers the commodity pool.

Please feel free to contact the authors of this blog post with any questions.

Europe: ESMA Publishes Long-Awaited Final Report on ELTIF 2.0 Regulatory Technical Standards

Dec 20 2023

By: Gayle Bowen and Shane Geraghty

On 19 December, the European Securities and Markets Authority (ESMA) published its final report setting out draft Regulatory Technical Standards under the amended European Long-Term Investment Funds Regulation.

CFTC Proposes Highly Anticipated Guidance on Voluntary Carbon Credit Derivatives

Dec 05 2023

By: Cheryl Isaac and Wiley Cole

On 4 December 2023, the Commodity Futures Trading Commission (CFTC) proposed guidance on the listing of voluntary carbon credit (VCC) derivative contracts. The proposal outlines how designated contract markets (DCMs), which are CFTC-registered derivatives exchanges, may list VCC derivative contracts while complying with statutory “Core Principles” set forth in the Commodity Exchange Act (CEA) and applicable CFTC rules and regulations.

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