China – Global Investment Law Watch

United States: US Finalizes Restrictions on Outbound Investments Into China’s Semiconductors, Quantum Technologies and AI – Implications on US LP Investors

Nov 06 2024

By Yuki Sako, Nathaniel Bolin, and Steven Hill

On 28 October, US Treasury issued new rules that restrict investment in Chinese development of semiconductors, quantum computing and AI (Covered Activity). Taking effect on 2 January 2025, the new rules are based on findings that China’s support for those industries threatens US national security.

United States: Congress Criticizes VC Investments in China, Suggesting Broader Investment Restrictions Into China

Feb 29 2024

By: Jamie L. Jackson and Yuki Sako

The House Select Committee on the Strategic Competition Between the United States and the Chinese Communist Party (Select Committee) issued a bipartisan report criticizing investments made by US venture capital firms (VC), as well as US institutional investors as limited partners (LP), into companies in the People’s Republic of China (PRC) in artificial intelligence (AI) and semiconductor sectors (Report). In line with the Select Committee’s previously released report strategizing how to reset the United States’ economic and technological competition with China, the Report signals Congress’ intensified interest in curtailing the unintentional flow of US investments into China’s military industrial complex.

People’s Republic of China: MOU of ETF Products Between China and Singapore Exchanges

Jun 01 2023

By Chloe Duan and Grace Ye

Shanghai Stock Exchange (SHSE) announced that it has entered into a memorandum of understanding (MOU) with Singapore Exchange (SGX) to establish a link for exchange-traded funds (ETFs) between two exchanges. SHSE and SGX are also aiming to jointly develop more ETF products available to investors on both markets via the link.

People’s Republic of China: Overseas Listing via VIE Structure Becoming Subject to CSRC Filings

Apr 12 2023

By Chloe Duan and Grace Ye

As one of a series of new regulations reforming the securities offering regime by China Securities Regulatory Commission (CSRC) released in February 2023, Trial Administrative Measures of Overseas Securities Offering and Listing by Domestic Companies (the Measures) came into effect on 31 March 2023. The Measures require companies incorporated within Mainland China seeking offerings and listings of securities in overseas markets (Overseas Offering and Listing) to make filings with CSRC. The Measures are applicable to both direct listings and indirect listings (e.g., red chips, via Variable Interest Entity (VIE) structure, or via Special Purpose Acquisition Company). Hence, VIE is no longer a grey-area scheme for Chinese companies to be listed in overseas markets.

People’s Republic of China: CSRC Intends to Expand Business Scope for Futures Companies

Apr 04 2023

By Chloe Duan and Grace Ye

On 24 March 2023, China Securities Regulatory Commission (CSRC) released the draft amended Regulatory Measures for Futures Companies (Amended Regulatory Measures) for consultation, aiming to, amongst others, expand the scope of business activities that future companies are allowed to conduct directly.

People’s Republic of China: First QDLP Managed by WFOE PFM Launched in Shanghai

Mar 27 2023

By Chloe Duan and Grace Ye

In 2016, the China Securities Regulatory Commission launched the wholly foreign-owned enterprise private fund manager (WFOE PFM) program to encourage foreign fund managers to make investments in China with money raised in China. With the launching of the first Qualified Domestic Limited Partner (QDLP) fund managed by a WFOE PFM in March 2023, foreign fund managers now have the choice to decide where to invest globally with the funds raised in China.

People’s Republic of China: CSRC Expanding Registration Based IPO Regime

Mar 27 2023

By Chloe Duan and Grace Ye

The China Securities Regulatory Commission (CSRC) released a series of rules on reform of the regulatory regime for initial public offering (IPO) on Chinese stock exchanges (Reform). The Reform essentially expands the registration-based IPO regime (Registration Regime) to the main boards at the Shanghai Stock Exchange and the Shenzhen Stock Exchange.

People’s Republic of China: CSRC Released New Cybersecurity and Data Privacy Rules for Securities and Futures Institutions

Mar 13 2023

By Chloe Duan and Grace Ye

The China Securities Regulatory Commission (CSRC) released the Administrative Measures for Network and Information Security in Securities and Futures Sectors (Measures) on 27 February 2023, which will become effective on 1 May 2023.

People’s Republic of China: Standard Contractual Clauses for Export of Personal Information Were Officially Released

Mar 07 2023

By Grace Ye and Chloe Duan

China has promulgated a series of laws and regulations governing data protection, in particular data export in past years.

The People’s Republic of China (PRC) law currently provides three routes for data export, i.e., (1) Cybersecurity Administration of China (CAC) assessment, (2) certification (by professional institutions), and (3) standard contractual clauses (SCC). Depending on the nature and volume of data to be exported and the identity of the exporter, the exporter must pick at least one route in order to export data.

United States: PCAOB’s Vacating 2021 Determination under HFCAA Lowers the Risk of Delisting

Dec 22 2022

By: Yuki Sako and Michael G. Lee

On 15 December 2022, the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (PCAOB) announced that it was able to secure complete access to inspect and investigate audit firms in China. From September to November 2022, PCAOB staff members “conducted on-site inspections and investigations in Hong Kong…thoroughly testing all aspects of the agreement necessary to assess whether [Chinese] Authorities would allow complete access.” The PCAOB’s inspections and investigations were pursuant to a written agreement, called the Statement of Protocol, which the PCAOB entered into with Chinese authorities on August 26, 2022. The PCAOB concluded that Chinese authorities “did not obstruct the PCAOB’s ability to inspect and investigate completely, consistent with U.S. law.” Consequently, the PCAOB decided to vacate its previous December 16, 2021 determination, made pursuant to the Holding Foreign Companies Accountable Act (HFCAA), that positions taken by China prevented the PCAOB from inspecting and investigating firms headquartered in mainland China and Hong Kong completely.

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